ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To clarify the morphological patterns of the extensor tendon and juncturae tendinum on the dorsum of the hand. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty eight hands of cadavers were dissected to evaluate the morphological patterns of the extensor tendon and juncturae tendinum. RESULTS: The tendon of extensor indicis proprius and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) to the index finger arose and terminated at a single tendon. The EDC to the long finger arose as a single tendon, divided into two slips and then converged again to form a single tendon. The EDC to the ring finger arose as double tendons, divided into three or four slips and converged again into double tendons. The EDC to the little finger was usually absent (72%). The extensor digiti minimi arose and terminated as double tendons. The juncturae tendinum (JT) between the EDC tendons to the index finger and those to the long finger were of type I (thin filamentous type). The JT between EDC tendon to the long finger and those to the ring finger consisted of 16% in type I, 31% in type II (thick filamentous type) and 53% in type III (tendinous type). There were 14% of type II JT and 86% of type III JT between the ring and small fingers. CONCLUSION: A knowledge of both the usual and possible variations of the extensor tendon and the juncturae tendinum is useful in the identification and repair of these structures.
Subject(s)
Cadaver , Fingers , Hand , TendonsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We compared the clinical and radiological RESULTS of two patient-groups who had had PCL reconstruction for grade III PCL injury using the autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft at the isometric point and at the anatomical point of femoral condyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 31 patients who were involved in this study, 20 patients had consecutive isometric PCL reconstructions between June 1993 and May 1995(group 1), And 11 patients had anatomi- cal PCL reconstructions between 1995 and 1997(group 2). We evaluated the clinical results using the Lysholm knee scoring system and measured the posterior translation of the tibial condyle on the posterior stress lateral radiographs. RESULT: The average posterior translation at the final follow-up was 7mm in group 1 and 5.9mm in group 2. The Lysholm knee score was 89 points in group 1, and 92 point in group 2. However, there wasn't any statistically significant difference in clinieal and radiological results between the two groups. SUMMARY: The clinical and radiological results can be influenced by several factors inherent to arthro-scopically assisted PCL reconstruction. Although it seems that initial knee kinematics can be improved by more distal PCL graft placement, there may be little effect to the final clinical and radiological results according to the femoral tunnel positions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts , Follow-Up Studies , Knee , Tendons , TransplantsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We reviewed the clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1986 to December 1989, 24 cases were treated with total hip arthroplasty and 27 cases with bipolar hemiarthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Harris Hip Score. Serial radiographs of the hip were used to assess stability of the femoral component, change of the acetabular cup angle, osteolysis of acetabulum or femur, wear of polyliner and erosion of the acetabular cartilage. RESULTS: The average Harris Hip Score was 93.1 in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group and 86.8 in total hip arthroplasty group at last follow up. Femoral osteolysis was observed in 17 patients of 24 total hip arthroplasties and in 14 patients of 27 bipolar hemiarthroplasties. Acetabular osteolysis was observed in 8 cases of 24 total hip arthroplasties. Revision was undertaken 8 cases (33.3%) in the total hip arthroplasty group and 6 cases (22.2%) in the bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. The main causes of revision were wear of polyliner and severe osteolysis in the total hip arthroplasty group and erosion of the acetabular cartilage in the bipolar arthroplasty group. CONCLUSION: The main cause of failure after total hip arthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head was using a 32 mm femoral head and a polyliner less than 8mm thickness.